Vivian Marlowe
Shivering and shaking are common reactions to drinking alcohol, and they can be caused by various factors. Alcohol affects the central nervous system by decreasing the number or sensitivity of receptors that bind to the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and increasing the number of receptors that bind to glutamate. This imbalance can lead to tremors or shaking, known as hangover shakes. Additionally, low blood sugar levels due to alcohol's impact on the body's ability to monitor blood sugar can also result in shaking. Alcohol also encourages urination, leading to dehydration, which further contributes to symptoms like fatigue, muscle weakness, and headaches. While these shakes are typically not a cause for concern, they can indicate a more severe problem, such as alcohol withdrawal syndrome, especially if accompanied by mental confusion, hallucinations, or seizures.
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What You'll Learn
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome
Shivering and shaking after consuming alcohol is often associated with alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is a set of symptoms that occur when someone stops or significantly reduces their alcohol intake after long-term use. It is a clinical challenge that arises from alcohol use disorder (AUD), which affects a large portion of the population in the United States.
AWS can range from very mild symptoms to severe forms, such as delirium tremens. Mild symptoms typically include anxiety, headaches, gastrointestinal discomfort, and insomnia. More severe cases can lead to life-threatening complications, including mental confusion, hallucinations, seizures, and delirium tremens. It is important to note that AWS usually affects people with AUD, and about 50% of individuals with AUD experience AWS when they decrease their alcohol consumption.
The mechanism behind AWS involves changes in the nervous system. When alcohol is consumed, the body decreases the number or sensitivity of receptors that bind to the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). At the same time, the body increases the sensitivity of receptors that bind to glutamate, another neurotransmitter, to counter alcohol's sedative effects. However, as alcohol leaves the body, the central nervous system remains unbalanced, leading to symptoms like shivering and tremors.
The diagnosis of AWS is made based on a physical exam, symptoms, alcohol use history, and medical history. Healthcare providers may also recommend additional tests, such as blood tests and an EKG, to assess overall health and potential complications. Treatment strategies vary depending on the severity of AWS and can include pharmacotherapy and adjunctive therapies. In severe cases, urgent intervention across multiple healthcare settings, such as the emergency room, intensive care unit, or detoxification facility, may be required.
While most cases of AWS are mild and can be managed without medical intervention, it is important to seek professional help if you experience severe symptoms or are concerned about your condition. Confidential support and resources are available through organizations like the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services (SAMHSA) helpline.
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Low blood sugar
Shivering after vomiting alcohol could be a symptom of low blood sugar, also known as hypoglycemia. Alcohol can affect the liver, lowering blood sugar levels, and it can interact with medications, including those used by many people with diabetes. When the liver is busy breaking down alcohol, it may neglect its role in maintaining blood sugar levels, prioritising the detoxification of alcohol instead. This can lead to a drop in blood sugar levels, resulting in hypoglycemia.
Hypoglycemia occurs when the level of sugar (glucose) in the blood drops below the range that is healthy for an individual. It is commonly seen in people with diabetes, but it can also occur in those without diabetes, although this is rare. Alcohol consumption can lead to hypoglycemia, especially if consumed on an empty stomach or when blood sugar levels are already low. Certain alcoholic drinks, such as traditional cocktails, cream liqueurs, and dessert wines, are higher in carbohydrates and sugars, which can contribute to higher blood sugar levels.
The symptoms of low blood sugar can vary but may include shaking, sweating, headaches, and other hangover-like symptoms. These symptoms can also be indicative of alcohol withdrawal syndrome, which can occur when someone has been drinking for a while and then suddenly stops or reduces their intake. If you experience tremors or shaking after consuming alcohol, it is advisable to seek the advice of a healthcare professional, particularly if you have concerns about alcohol withdrawal.
To manage low blood sugar levels, it is important to consume carbohydrates and monitor blood sugar levels until they reach the target range. This can be done by following the "15-15 rule," which involves consuming 15 grams of carbohydrates and checking blood sugar levels after 15 minutes. If levels remain low, this process should be repeated. Once blood sugar levels are stable, it is important to eat a nutritious meal or snack to prevent them from dropping again.
It is worth noting that frequent episodes of hypoglycemia can be dangerous, especially for individuals with diabetes. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor blood sugar levels and seek medical advice if you have concerns about alcohol consumption and its impact on your blood sugar.
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Dehydration
Alcohol consumption can lead to dehydration, which is the loss of fluids and electrolytes from the body. Alcohol is a diuretic, which means it increases the production of urine and causes the body to lose water and electrolytes more quickly. This can lead to dehydration if not enough fluids are consumed to replace what is lost. Dehydration can cause a range of symptoms, including thirst, dry mouth, headache, dizziness, and fatigue. It can also worsen tremors and shaking, which are common symptoms of alcohol withdrawal.
When an individual vomits, they lose additional fluids and electrolytes, which can further contribute to dehydration. This can be especially concerning if the person has been drinking alcohol and is already at risk of dehydration. Therefore, it is important to replenish fluids and electrolytes after vomiting, especially if alcohol has been consumed.
The body's fluid balance is critical for overall health and optimal organ function. Dehydration can have a range of negative impacts on the body, including:
- Reduced blood volume: Dehydration can lead to a decrease in blood volume, which can affect blood pressure and the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to tissues and organs.
- Impaired thermoregulation: Fluid balance is important for maintaining body temperature. Dehydration can affect the body's ability to regulate temperature, leading to an increased risk of heat stroke or hypothermia.
- Digestive issues: Adequate fluid intake is necessary for proper digestion. Dehydration can lead to constipation, stomach ulcers, and other digestive problems.
- Kidney problems: The kidneys require adequate hydration to function properly. Dehydration can lead to kidney stones, infection, and even kidney failure in severe cases.
To prevent dehydration, it is important to consume plenty of fluids, especially water and electrolyte-rich drinks. Eating foods with high water content, such as fruits and vegetables, can also help maintain hydration levels. Additionally, avoiding excessive alcohol consumption and managing alcohol intake can help reduce the risk of dehydration and related health issues.
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Electrolyte imbalance
While I couldn't find a direct link between shivering and throwing up alcohol, there is evidence to suggest that alcohol consumption can cause electrolyte imbalances, which in turn can lead to shivering.
Symptoms of an electrolyte imbalance vary depending on the severity and type of electrolyte involved. Some common symptoms include muscle cramps, spasms, or weakness, as well as nausea and vomiting. In more severe cases, an electrolyte imbalance can lead to serious, life-threatening complications, including sudden cardiac arrest and death.
To treat an electrolyte imbalance, proper hydration is crucial. Drinking enough fluids, especially during prolonged periods of vomiting, diarrhea, or sweating, can help the body maintain healthy electrolyte levels. In cases of severe electrolyte imbalances caused by kidney failure or damage, hemodialysis may be necessary to correct the imbalance.
It is important to note that infants, young children, and older adults are more prone to changes in electrolyte levels, and certain health conditions, such as cardiovascular disease, eating disorders, and liver or kidney disease, can also increase the risk of electrolyte imbalances.
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Alcohol poisoning
The symptoms of alcohol poisoning typically manifest after consuming large quantities of alcohol. These symptoms include pale or blue-tinged skin, vomiting, mental confusion, seizures, difficulty breathing, slow heart rate, and extremely low body temperature. It is important to note that alcohol affects individuals differently, and some people may be more tolerant of higher alcohol consumption than others.
If you suspect someone is experiencing alcohol poisoning, do not drive them to the hospital yourself. Instead, call for emergency medical assistance and follow their instructions. It is crucial to stay with the person affected, as there is a risk of choking on vomit or stopping breathing. If the person is conscious, help them sit up or place them in the recovery position if they are unconscious, and ensure they are breathing properly. Avoid giving them coffee or caffeinated drinks, as these can dehydrate them further. Do not put them in a cold shower or bath, as it may cause a loss of consciousness or a fall.
Binge drinking, defined as consuming enough alcohol to reach a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.08% or higher, is a common cause of alcohol poisoning. This typically corresponds to five or more drinks for men and four or more drinks for women in a short period, usually about two hours. High-intensity drinking, or drinking twice the binge-drinking threshold, further increases the risk of alcohol poisoning. Additionally, ingesting alcohol with certain medications, such as opioid pain relievers or illicit drugs, can intensify the effects and increase the risk of an overdose.
Shivering after throwing up alcohol can be attributed to various factors, including alcohol withdrawal syndrome, low blood sugar, or changes in the nervous system. While it usually isn't something to worry about, if you experience severe or persistent symptoms, it is recommended to seek professional medical advice.
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Frequently asked questions
Shivering after vomiting alcohol could be a result of alcohol withdrawal symptoms. Alcohol affects the nervous system, and when its influence wears off, there is a surge in brain activity, which can result in tremors.
Other symptoms include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, sickness, headaches, anxiety, dizziness, and insomnia.
Alcohol withdrawal occurs when the body goes through a change in how it operates due to alcohol, and then has to adjust to functioning without it.
It is important to stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water and consuming foods with complex carbohydrates, such as toast, to balance blood sugar levels.
If you are experiencing severe tremors that are painful or disruptive to functioning, it is important to seek medical advice. Alcohol withdrawal can be dangerous, and in some cases, individuals may need to be monitored in a hospital setting.
